Appendix

Table 1 Model coefficients and their standard values.

Symbol

Value

Unit

Parameter

\(T_{ref}\)

288.15

K

reference temperature

\(\psi\)

0.02

dimensionless

calcite production ratio

\(q^{Fe}\)

0.005

\(\mu\) molFe (mmol C) \(^{-1}\)

Fe:C ratio

\(\kappa^{scav}_{Fe}\)

0.0156

(mmolCm \(^{-3}\)) \(^{-1}`d :math:`^{-1}\)

Fe scavenging rate

\(\alpha_{phy}\)

0.14

mmol C (mg Chl) \(^{-1}\) (Wm \(^{-2}\) d \(^{-1}\))

initial slope of P-I curve

\(\alpha_{dia}\)

0.19

mmol C (mg Chl) \(^{-1}\) (Wm \(^{-2}\) d \(^{-1}\))

diatom initial slope of P-I curve

\(\mu^{max}_{phy}\)

3.0

d\(^{-1}\)

maximum photosynthesis rate

\(\mu^{max}_{dia}\)

3.5

d\(^{-1}\)

diatom maximum photosynthesis rate

\(\epsilon^N_{phy}\)

0.05

d\(^{-1}\)

excretion rate of nitrogen

\(\epsilon^N_{dia}\)

0.05

d\(^{-1}\)

diatom excretion rate of nitrogen

\(\epsilon^C_{phy}\)

0.10

d\(^{-1}\)

excretion rate of carbon

\(\epsilon^C_{dia}\)

0.10

d\(^{-1}\)

diatom excretion rate of carbon

\(\sigma_{phy}^N\)

0.20

mol N (mol C) \(^{-1}\)

N:C uptake ratio

\(\sigma_{dia}^N\)

0.20

mol N (mol C) \(^{-1}\)

diatom N:C uptake ratio

\(\sigma_{dia}^{Si}\)

0.20

mol Si (mol C) \(^{-1}\)

diatom Si:C uptake ratio

\(K_{phy}^{\mathrm{N}}\)

0.55

mmol N m\(^{-3}\)

half-saturation constant N uptake

\(K_{dia}^{\mathrm{N}}\)

1.0

mmol N m\(^{-3}\)

diatom half-saturation constant N uptake

\(K^{Fe}_{phy}\)

0.02

\(\mu\)molFe m\(^{-3}\)

half-saturation constant Fe uptake

\(K^{Fe}_{dia}\)

0.12

\(\mu\)molFe m\(^{-3}\)

diatom half-saturation constant Fe uptake

\(K_{dia}^{\mathrm{Si}}\)

4.0

mmol Si m\(^{-3}\)

diatom half-saturation constant Si uptake

\(q_{phy\,max}\)

0.20

mol N (mol C) \(^{-1}\)

maximum N:C ratio

\(q_{dia\,max}\)

0.20

mol N (mol C) \(^{-1}\)

diatom maximum N:C ratio

\(q_{max}^{Si}\)

0.80

mol Si (mol C) \(^{-1}\)

diatom maximum Si:C ratio

\(q_{min}\)

0.04

mol N (mol C) \(^{-1}\)

minimum N:C ratio

\(q_{min}^{Si}\)

0.04

mol Si (mol C) \(^{-1}\)

minimum Si:C ratio

\(q_{phy\,max}^{Chl:N}\)

3.15

mg Chl (mmol N) \(^{-1}\)

nanophytoplankton maximum Chl:N ratio

\(q_{dia\,max}^{Chl:N}\)

4.2

mg Chl (mmol N) \(^{-1}\)

diatom maximum Chl:N ratio

\(\theta_{max}\)

1000

dimensionless

regulation slope

\(\theta_{min}\)

50

dimensionless

regulation slope

\(\theta_{min}^{Si}\)

1000

dimensionless

regulation slope

\(\theta_{max}^{Si}\)

1000

dimensionless

regulation slope

\(\zeta^{N}\)

2.33

mol C (mol N) \(^{-1}\)

C cost of N assimilation

\(\zeta^{Si}\)

0

mol C (mol Si) \(^{-1}\)

C cost of Si assimilation

\(\phi_{phy}\)

0.015

(mmol N m \(^{-3}\)) \(^{-1}`d \ :math:`^{-1}\)

phytoplankton specific aggregation rate

\(\phi_{det}\)

0.165

(mmol N m \(^{-3}\)) \(^{-1}`d \ :math:`^{-1}\)

detrius specific aggregation rate

\(\eta_{phy}\)

0.01

d\(^{-1}\)

maintenance respiration rate

\(\eta_{dia}\)

0.01

d\(^{-1}\)

diatom maintenance respiration rate

\(d^{Chl}_{phy}\)

0.3

d\(^{-1}\)

chlorophyll degradation rate

\(d^{Chl}_{dia}\)

0.3

d\(^{-1}\)

diatom chlorophyll degradation rate

\(\gamma\)

0.4

dimensionless

grazing efficiency

Table 2 Default REcoM-2 tracers.

id

name

unit

code

bgc01

dissolved inorganic nitrogen

mmolN m-3

idin

bgc02

dissolved inorganic carbon

mmolC m-3

idic

bgc03

total alkality

mmol m-3

ialk

bgc04

intracellular nitrogen concentration in small phytoplankton

mmolN m-3

iphyn

bgc05

intracellular carbon concentration in small phytoplankton

mmolC m-3

iphyc

bgc06

intracellular chlorophyll-a concentration

mgChl m-3

ipchl

bgc07

nitrogen concentration in detritus

mmolN m-3

idetn

bgc08

carbon concentration in detritus

mmolC m-3

idetc

bgc09

nitrogen concentration in heterotrophs

mmolN m-3

ihetn

bgc10

carbon concentration in heterotrophs

mmolC m-3

ihetc

bgc11

dissolved organic nitrogen in water

mmolN m-3

idon

bgc12

dissolved organic carbon in water

mmolC m-3

idoc

bgc13

intracellular nitrogen concentration in diatoms

mmolN m-3

idian

bgc14

intracellular carbon concentration in diatoms

mmolC m-3

idiac

bgc15

intracellular chlorophyll concentration in diatoms

mgChl m-3

idchl

bgc16

intracellular silica concentration in diatoms

mmolSi m-3

idiasi

bgc17

silica in detritus

mmolSi m-3

idetsi

bgc18

silicic acid in water

mmolSi m-3

isi

bgc19

dissolved iron in water

mmolFe m-3

ife

bgc20

calcite associated with nanophytoplankton

mmolCaCO3 m-3

iphycal

bgc21

calcite associated with detritus

mmolCaCO3 m-3

idetcal

bgc22

dissolved oxygen in water

mmolO m-3

ioxy

diags3d01

net primary production by nanophytoplankton

mmolC m-3 day-1

diags3d02

net primary production by diatoms

mmolC m-3 day-1

diags3d03

gross primary production small phytoplankton

mmolC m-3 day-1

diags3d04

gross primary production diatoms

mmolC m-3 day-1

diags3d05

net N-assimilation small phytoplankton

mmolN m-3 day-1

diags3d06

net N-assimilation diatoms

mmolN m-3 day-1

diags3d07

N-assimilation small phytoplankton

mmolN m-3 day-1

diags3d08

N-assimilation diatoms

mmolN m-3 day-1